> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.mcp-use.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Json Schema

> Utilities for producing MCP-compliant JSON Schemas API Documentation

export const RandomGradientBackground = ({className, color, children, grayscaled = false}) => {
  const saturation = useMemo(() => {
    if (color) {
      const values = color.split("(")[1].split(")")[0].trim().split(/\s+/);
      return parseFloat(values[1] || "0");
    }
    return grayscaled ? 0 : 0.2;
  }, [color, grayscaled]);
  const lightness = useMemo(() => {
    if (color) {
      const values = color.split("(")[1].split(")")[0].trim().split(/\s+/);
      return parseFloat(values[0] || "0.5");
    }
    return grayscaled ? 0.3 : 0.4;
  }, [color, grayscaled]);
  const randomHue = useMemo(() => {
    if (color) {
      const values = color.split("(")[1].split(")")[0].trim().split(/\s+/);
      return parseFloat(values[2] || "0");
    }
    return Math.floor(Math.random() * 360);
  }, [color]);
  const randomColor = useMemo(() => {
    if (color) {
      return color;
    }
    return `oklch(${Math.min(lightness, 1)} ${saturation} ${randomHue})`;
  }, [randomHue, saturation, lightness]);
  const lightColor = useMemo(() => {
    return `oklch(${Math.min(lightness * 2, 1)} ${saturation} ${randomHue})`;
  }, [randomHue, saturation, lightness, color]);
  const direction = useMemo(() => {
    return Math.floor(Math.random() * 360);
  }, [randomHue]);
  const brightnessFilter = useMemo(() => {
    return "1000%";
  }, []);
  return <div className={`relative overflow-hidden ${className || ""}`} style={{
    background: `${lightColor}`,
    minHeight: '100%',
    width: '100%'
  }}>
      <div className="absolute inset-0 w-full h-full" style={{
    background: `linear-gradient(${direction}deg, ${randomColor}, transparent), url(https://grainy-gradients.vercel.app/noise.svg)`,
    filter: `contrast(120%) brightness(${brightnessFilter})`,
    backgroundSize: 'cover',
    backgroundRepeat: 'no-repeat'
  }} />
      {children && <div className="relative z-10 w-full h-full">{children}</div>}
    </div>;
};

<Callout type="info" title="Source Code">
  View the source code for this module on GitHub: <a href="https://github.com/mcp-use/mcp-use/blob/main/libraries/python/mcp_use/server/utils/json_schema.py" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">[https://github.com/mcp-use/mcp-use/blob/main/libraries/python/mcp\_use/server/utils/json\_schema.py](https://github.com/mcp-use/mcp-use/blob/main/libraries/python/mcp_use/server/utils/json_schema.py)</a>
</Callout>

Utilities for producing MCP-compliant JSON Schemas.

Pydantic represents `Optional[T]` as `\{"anyOf": [\{"type": "T"\}, \{"type":
"null"\}]\}`.  While valid JSON Schema, this is not idiomatic MCP — the protocol
signals optionality by omitting the property from the `required` array.  The
`anyOf`/null pattern also confuses several MCP clients (e.g. the Inspector)
which fail to render descriptions for those fields.

`simplify_optional_schema` walks a JSON Schema object and collapses every
nullable `anyOf` into the simpler `\{"type": "T"\}` form.

## simplify\_optional\_schema

<Card type="info">
  ### `function` simplify\_optional\_schema

  Return *schema* with nullable `anyOf` patterns simplified.

  Returns a deep copy when properties need simplification.  When the schema
  has no `properties` key (or it is empty), the original dict is returned
  as-is since there is nothing to transform.

  Only touches `properties` of the top-level object schema — nested
  `$defs` and deeply nested objects are left as-is since MCP tool schemas
  are typically flat.

  ```python theme={null}
  from mcp_use.server.utils.json_schema import simplify_optional_schema
  ```

  **Parameters**

  > <ParamField body="schema" type="dict[str, Any]" required="True">   Dictionary of key-value pairs </ParamField>

  **Returns**

  >   <ResponseField name="returns" type="dict[str, Any]" />

  **Signature**

  ```python wrap theme={null}
  def simplify_optional_schema(schema: dict[str, Any]):
  ```
</Card>